Q. Which of the following is true regarding the u.s. federal research misconduct policy?
(1) The standard of innocent until proven guilty does not apply in misconduct cases
(2) Misconduct must be proven beyond a reasonable doubt
(3) To have a misconduct finding, the action must have been committed intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly
(4) The Policy covers conflicts of interest and the misuse of grant funding
Answer: To have a misconduct finding, the action must have been committed intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly
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